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Multivitamin

Neutral on mortality, but in the COSMOS trials it measurably improved memory over 60 (≈2 years “younger”).

3/5· Multiple human trialsEstimated monthly cost: ≈ 6 €

Dose

One tablet daily at around-RDA doses (not “mega”).

Timing

Morning, with food.

⚠ Cautions

Iron only for menstruating women or measured deficiency; smokers without beta-carotene.

What it is

Low-dose, broad-spectrum insurance against micronutrient gaps.

What the evidence shows

COSMOS-Mind (n=2,262, 3 years) and COSMOS-Web (n=3,562): daily multivitamin improved episodic memory and global cognition vs placebo. Earlier large RCTs were neutral on mortality and cancer.

Goals

Brain, memoryHealthy years

Related studies

COSMOS: cocoa flavanols –27% cardiovascular death; multivitamin improves memory · 2022

Sources

Baker LD et al. COSMOS-Mind – Effects of cocoa extract and a multivitamin on cognitive function. Alzheimer's & Dementia (2023) ↗

Last reviewed: 6 September 2026

This site is educational and does not replace medical advice. Start any supplement or drug only after consulting a doctor or pharmacist.