Heart, metabolismĀµIU/ml
Fasting insulin / HOMA-IR
Optimal
Insulin < 8 ĀµIU/ml; HOMA-IR < 1.5
Why
Insulin resistance precedes diabetes by 10ā15 years; fasting glucose is still normal while insulin is already elevated.
How often
Yearly after 40 or with abdominal obesity.
What moves it
Same as HbA1c ā exercise is the fastest lever.
Last reviewed: 6 September 2026
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